Much of the bedrock in these regions is igneous in origin, which was later stretched and faulted to form the mountains that we see today. Within Texas, the Southwest Basin and Range region is characterized by hot temperatures and desert vegetation. The Southern Basin and Range is a subsection of the larger Basin and Range Province, which extends throughout Nevada, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Texas, and northwestern Mexico. Moreover, the Southern Basin and Range is located in the western part of Texas. It features a series of rock layers as well as a number of volcanic deposits and fault lines. The westernmost part of the state arguably has the most complex geologic history. Perhaps the most famous part of this dome is the Enchanted Rock near Llano, Texas. Toward the center of the state, there is a large dome of ancient gneisses, granites, and schists, which is surrounded by a large outcropping of sedimentary rock. In fact, the limestones in Texas’ Hill Country contain the Edwards Aquifer, which supplies drinking water to some 2 million people. To the north and west, there are mostly shales and limestones. In the south and east, the surface rock is mostly sandstones and shales which are underlaid by large salt domes that contain significant amounts of oil. The state is bisected by a number of faults which separate a series of different geological sub-regions. Texas covers a huge swath of land, so it’s not surprising that the state’s geology is complex and diverse.Ī dominant feature of Texas is its fault lines. The geographic diversity of the state has also led to the informal creation of a number of different economic and cultural regions, each of which are inextricably linked to the landscape. Indeed, simply while traveling from east to west through Texas, the landscape changes drastically from forests and swamps into plains, hills, desert, and mountains. However, Far West Texas is often thought of as part of the Interior Southwest while the Texas Panhandle, in many ways, is more similar to the Midwest than to the South. In many respects, Texas can be considered part of the “Deep South,” particularly in East Texas. According to the Texas Almanac, the state has 4 major physical regions, namely: Texas, as a result of its size, is incredibly geographically diverse It can be broken up into various regions, each of which are dominated by unique terrain. It is also the second largest state by population, with its 28.9 million residents second only to the 39.5 million inhabitants of California. km), Texas is the second largest state in the US, after Alaska, taking up about 7% of the country’s entire land area. Texas borders the states of Nuevo León, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, and Chihuahua in Mexico to the south and west, as well as the Gulf of Mexico to the southeast. Moreover, Texas forms a significant portion of the United States’ land border with Mexico. Texas is situated in the south-central part of the United States.It shares a border with four other states, including Louisiana and Arkansas to the east, Oklahoma to the north, and New Mexico to the west. Guadalupe Peak (8,757ft/2,669m) is the highest point and Emory Peak (7,785ft/2,373m) is the most prominent point. The state of Texas is home to 2164 named mountains, peaks, and hills.
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